Ken'ichi SATO (佐藤 賢一)

Offer Organization: 日本学術振興会, System Name: 科学研究費助成事業, Category: 基盤研究(B), Fund Type: -, Overall Grant Amount: - (direct: 11200000, indirect: 3360000)
本研究の目的は次のとおりである。近世日本の数理科学(和算・測量術・天文暦学)の歴史研究では、従来、各分野の個別研究が主体で、複数分野を横断的かつ総合的に研究する態勢が手薄であった。この状況を改善すべく、先行研究では紹介されていない史料群の領野横断的共同研究を実践し、文献史料の研究支援システム構築を進める。特に、分析・校合した諸史料の作成者や地理的分布情報を利用することで、当時の数理科学関係者の人脈や数理科学的知識の普及の分析も行う。最終的な目標として、測量術、和算、天文暦学(含・陰陽道)の各分野で従来の定説に修正を迫る成果を集約し、近世日本数理科学の新たな歴史叙述を提示する。
この研究目的に基づき、2023年度内には計2回・4機関の現地史料調査、見学観察を実施した。(和算、天文暦学史料の調査・見学：長野市立博物館、北杜市郷土資料館、鍋島徴古館、佐賀県立博物館)
研究代表者・佐藤は国際シンポジウムで1回口頭発表を行い、和算史2本、測量術史1本、の論考を発表した。共編著として『関孝和全集』(岩波書店、2023年10月)を刊行した。
代表者・分担者計4名の連名の業績として、天文暦学史(幕府天文方関連)の論考を1本公開した。
各分担者の業績として、平岡はキリシタン関連論考を1本、南蛮天文学その他の口頭発表を4本公開した。梅田は陰陽道史に関する論考1本と口頭発表1本を公開した。
総合的な成果公開に向けて天文暦学史、洋学史、和算史に関わる論文集の編集企画を開始し、2024年度中の刊行を目指している。

Offer Organization: 日本学術振興会, System Name: 科学研究費助成事業, Category: 基盤研究(B), Fund Type: -, Overall Grant Amount: - (direct: 11800000, indirect: 3540000)
(1)研究代表者の佐藤賢一は、『洋学史研究事典』を編集刊行した。特に「宗門改役」の項目において、北条氏長『攻城 阿蘭陀由里安牟相伝』の原本がAdam Freitag, L'architecture militaire ou La fortification nouuelle(1635)であることを明らかにした。他に、「建部賢弘『研幾算法』による弓形の弧長の導出式の復元について（続）」において、建部による弓形の弧長を求める公式が、最良近似多項式に類似していることを明らかにした。「伊能忠敬と会田安明」では、会田安明が残した記録に伊能忠敬の実測記録を補う山岳の標高データが記載されていることを確認した。
(2)研究分担者の梅田は、論考「近世宗教史における陰陽道」「近世陰陽道研究の成果と課題」「近世社会における「暦」」を発表し、近年の陰陽道史の研究動向を総括し、さらに展望を提示した。
(3)研究分担者の平岡は、前述した『洋学史研究事典』に「沢野忠庵」他を執筆した。論考、”Deciphering Aristotle with Chinese Medical Cosmology: Nanban Unkiron and the Reception of Jesuit Cosmology in Early Modern Japan”と「長崎歴史文化博物館収蔵「伊能図」」を発表し、南蛮天文学(南蛮運気論)と長崎歴史文化博物館所蔵伊能忠敬地図に関する書誌学的成果を報告した。
(4)代表者・佐藤、分担者・梅田、平岡、橋本雄太の4名でシンポジウム「開陽丸引き揚げ文書について 幕府天文方と開陽丸」(洋学史学会)を開催した。開陽丸遺跡から引き揚げられた古文書が、幕府天文方に由来することを明らかにし、各文書の内容分析とその分析手法の紹介を行った。

Offer Organization: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, System Name: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A), Fund Type: -, Overall Grant Amount: - (direct: 33200000, indirect: 9960000)
In this research project, we verified the types of Japanese paper, coloring material, needle holes at the surveying point, and description contents of Tadataka Inoh’s cartography and survey maps of Japan, using high-definition image data and non-destructive inspection methods.
As a result, it was found that various types of Japanese paper were used in the maps presented to Daimyos (i.e., feudal lords), the copies of the submitted maps, and the draft maps, and that coloring pigment was frequently used in the presented maps to symbolize directions (i.e., the compass rose). In addition, the results of the analysis of the needle holes revealed the differences in survey precision during the survey period, the relationship between the draft maps and presented maps, and the advanced technique used for making Inoh’s maps.

Offer Organization: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, System Name: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Fund Type: -, Overall Grant Amount: - (direct: 10400000, indirect: 3120000)
(1)We surveyed bibliography of two traditional Japanese mathematicians, Ishizuka Rokurobe and Yokokawa Genetsu. (2)We investigated the origin of Japanese traditional land-survey instruments in the 17th century, brought from Dutch. (3)We surveyed natural historian, Yoshio Tanaka's manuscripts and made new catalogue of his materials. (4)We published the general history of traditional Japanese mathematics in Sendai Clan. (5)We researched and analyzed the historical articles of natural disasters in Miyagi prefecture.

Offer Organization: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, System Name: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Fund Type: -, Overall Grant Amount: - (direct: 3900000, indirect: 1170000)
1)Our research group has completed evaluating and organizing historical map collection in the former Akamon-Storehouse in the University of Tokyo. The University of Tokyo's Historiographical Institute will offer this collection for public viewing in 2015 with detailed research data and some digital images.
2)We have made public our research contents in our web site, open research meetings, exhibitions and lecture meetings. The results of our research are recorded in "Research Report for the University of Tokyo's Historiographical Institute 2014-3 The Time-Capsule on Understanding on History and Geography in the transition from early modern to modern: A Study on the Map Collection in the former Akamon- Storehouse ". And our research views will be reflected in "Cartographic Japan: A History in Maps", edited by Karen Wigen, Sugimoto Fumiko, and Cary Karacas, The University of Chicago Press, 2015.

Offer Organization: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, System Name: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Fund Type: -, Overall Grant Amount: - (direct: 11500000, indirect: 3450000)
This research project surveyed the historical materials relating to the history of science on premodern Japan. We searched and catalogued bibliographical information of traditional mathematics, astronomy, medicine, surveying and so on. Especially we focused on some rare books on surveying on 17th century in Japan.
We, however, had to change our approach for gathering materials after the attack of great earthquake and tsunami of Eastern Japan on 2011.

Offer Organization: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, System Name: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A), Fund Type: -, Overall Grant Amount: - (direct: 26400000, indirect: 7920000)
"New Developments in' Building Geographical Historiography'"investigated maps in the following three ways. 1. Surveying and analyzing the physical features of early modern maps by carrying out a scientific survey that entailed the first ever analysis of colors used in maps. Moreover, the content and descriptive techniques were surveyed and analyzed systematically and from multiple perspectives. 2. Using an experimental method of reconstructing representative early modern political maps(kuni-ezu) in an effort to examine the actual circumstances of map production that remain inaccessible by means of analysis of documents and original maps. 3. Developing and publishing basic data and a retrieval system for extant early modern maps.
The above results were incorporated into Ezugaku ny. mon(Tokyo University Press, 2011), thereby providing the academic world and the general public with a new platform for the study of map history.